IMPROVING ELECTRONIC SERVICES IN THE B2B AND B2G MARKET SEGMENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21295466Keywords:
electronic services; B2B; B2G; e-government; digital economy; Uzbekistan; digital maturity.Abstract
This article examines the improvement of electronic services in the business-to-business (B2B)
and business-to-government (B2G) market segments of the Republic of Uzbekistan. While the country’s
notable improvement in international digital government indicators has been driven largely by citizen-facing
services, enterprise-facing transactional services—including electronic procurement, e-invoicing, tax reporting,
customs clearance, licensing, and corporate digital signatures—follow a distinct adoption logic that remains
underexplored. By combining the Technology–Organization–Environment framework, transaction cost
economics, and dynamic capability theory, the study integrates longitudinal secondary data from the UN
E-Government Survey, the ITU, and the World Bank for 2018–2025 with an enterprise-level dataset (n = 412).
Survey-based values are calibrated simulations benchmarked against official aggregates and are explicitly
identified as such. Regression and factor analyses indicate that interoperability capability, the regulatory quality
of electronic documents, and platform trust jointly explain approximately 64% of the variance in the intensity of
enterprise e-service utilization, while infrastructure availability is no longer statistically significant. Comparative
benchmarking with Estonia, Singapore, the Republic of Korea, the UAE, and Kazakhstan identifies backoffice
integration and process re-engineering, rather than service availability, as the key areas requiring
further development. The paper proposes a six-dimensional Digital Service Maturity Index for transactional
government–business services, a BPMN-based process optimization model for procurement and customs, and
scenario forecasts to 2035. Under an integration-led trajectory, B2B/B2G electronic transaction volumes may
grow by 18–21% annually. The policy implications relate to interagency data exchange, SME onboarding, and
platform governance.
References
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 2020, October 5. “On Approval of the Strategy ‘Digital
Uzbekistan–2030’ and Measures for Its Effective Implementation.” Decree of the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan No. DP-6079. National Database of Legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. https://lex.uz/
docs/7008256
Adjei-Bamfo, P., Maloreh-Nyamekye, T., & Ahenkan, A. (2019). The role of e-government in sustainable
public procurement in developing countries: A systematic literature review. Resources, Conservation and
Recycling, 142, 189–203. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.12.001.
Andersen, K. V., & Henriksen, H. Z. (2006). E-government maturity models: Extension of the Layne and
Lee model. Government Information Quarterly, 23(2), 236–248. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2005.11.008.
Bertot, J. C., Estevez, E., & Janowski, T. (2016). Universal and contextualized public services: Digital
public service innovation framework. Government Information Quarterly, 33(2), 211–222. doi: 10.1016/j.
giq.2016.05.004.
Croom, S., & Brandon-Jones, A. (2007). Impact of e-procurement: Experiences from implementation in
the UK public sector. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 13(4), 294–303. doi: 10.1016/j.
pursup.2007.09.015.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information
technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. doi: 10.2307/249008.
DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective
rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147–160. doi: 10.2307/2095101.
Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J., & Reijers, H. A. (2018). Fundamentals of business process
management (2nd ed.). Cham: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-56509-4.
Gil-Garcia, J. R., Dawes, S. S., & Pardo, T. A. (2018). Digital government and public management research:
Finding the crossroads. Public Management Review, 20(5), 633–646. doi: 10.1080/14719037.2017.1327181.
Janowski, T. (2015). Digital government evolution: From transformation to contextualization. Government
Information Quarterly, 32(3), 221–236. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2015.07.001.
Layne, K., & Lee, J. (2001). Developing fully functional e-government: A four-stage model. Government
Information Quarterly, 18(2), 122–136. doi: 10.1016/S0740-624X(01)00066-1.
Luna-Reyes, L. F., & Gil-Garcia, J. R. (2014). Digital government transformation and internet portals: The
co-evolution of technology, organizations, and institutions. Government Information Quarterly, 31(4), 545–
doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2014.08.001.
Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews.
Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), Article 101385. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002.
Oliveira, T., & Martins, M. F. (2011). Literature review of information technology adoption models at the firm
level. Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 14(1), 110–121.
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of sustainable
enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. doi: 10.1002/smj.640.
Tornatzky, L. G., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The processes of technological innovation. Lexington, MA:
Lexington Books.
Twizeyimana, J. D., & Andersson, A. (2019). The public value of e-government: A literature review.
Government Information Quarterly, 36(2), 167–178. doi: 10.1016/j.giq.2019.01.001.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2024). United Nations E-Government Survey
: Accelerating digital transformation for sustainable development, with the addendum on artificial
intelligence. New York: United Nations. UN document No. ST/ESA/PAD/SER.E/218.
Vaidya, K., Sajeev, A. S. M., & Callender, G. (2006). Critical factors that influence e-procurement
implementation success in the public sector. Journal of Public Procurement, 6(1–2), 70–99. doi: 10.1108/
JOPP-06-01-02-2006-B004.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology:
Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425–478. doi: 10.2307/30036540.
Williamson, O. E. (1985). The economic institutions of capitalism: Firms, markets, relational contracting.
New York, NY: Free Press.
World Bank. (2025). GovTech Maturity Index 2025: Tracking public sector digital transformation worldwide.
Prosperity Insight Series. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/44136.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 ECONOSCITECH INTEGRATION
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
